Version: 12.4.0

viktor.geometry

VisualisationError

exception viktor.geometry.VisualisationError¶: Bases: Exception

Vector

class viktor.geometry.Vector(x, y, z=0)¶

A 3-dimensional vector in space.

The following operations are supported:

Negation

v1 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
v2 = -v1  # results in Vector(-1, -2, -3)

Addition

v1 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
v2 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
v3 = v1 + v2  # results in Vector(2, 4, 6)

Subtraction

v1 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
v2 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
v3 = v1 - v2  # results in Vector(0, 0, 0)

(reverse) Multiplication

v1 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
v2 = v1 * 3  # results in Vector(3, 6, 9)
v3 = 3 * v1  # results in Vector(3, 6, 9)

Dot product

v1 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
v2 = Vector(1, 2, 3)
res = v1.dot(v2)  # results in 14

Cross product

v1 = Vector(1, 0, 0)
v2 = Vector(0, 1, 0)
v3 = v1.cross(v2)  # results in Vector(0, 0, 1)

Parameters

x (float) – X-coordinate.
y (float) – Y-coordinate.
z (float) – Z-coordinate (default: 0).

property squared_magnitude¶

Vector magnitude without square root; faster than magnitude.

Return type: float

property magnitude¶

Magnitude of the Vector.

Return type: float

property coordinates¶

Coordinates of the Vector as tuple (X, Y, Z).

Return type: Tuple[float, float, float]

normalize()¶

Return the normalized vector (with unit-length).

Raises: ValueError – if vector is a null-vector.
Return type: Vector

dot(other)¶

Scalar product of two vectors.

Parameters: other (Vector) – Second Vector
Return type: float

cross(other)¶

Vector product of two vectors.

Parameters: other (Vector) – Second Vector
Return type: Vector

Material

class viktor.geometry.Material(name, density=None, price=None, *, threejs_type='MeshStandardMaterial', threejs_roughness=0.7, threejs_metalness=0.8, threejs_opacity=1.0, color=Color(221, 221, 221))¶

Parameters

name (str) –
density (Optional[float]) –
price (Optional[float]) –
color (Color) –
threejs_type (str) –
threejs_roughness (float) – Between 0 - 1 where closer to 1 gives the material a rough texture.
threejs_metalness (float) – Between 0 - 1 where closer to 1 gives the material a shiny metal look.
threejs_opacity (float) – Between 0 - 1 where closer to 0 makes the material less visible.

property name¶

Return type: str

property density¶

Return type: Optional[float]

property price¶

Return type: Optional[float]

TransformableObject

class viktor.geometry.TransformableObject¶

Bases: abc.ABC

translate(translation_vector)¶

Translate an object along a translation vector.

Parameters: translation_vector (Union[Vector, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Vector along which translation is to be performed.

rotate(angle, direction, point=None)¶

Rotate an object along an axis (direction) by an angle. Direction will follow right hand rule.

Parameters

angle (float) – Angle of desired rotation in radians.
direction (Union[Vector, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Vector along which rotation is to be performed.
point (Union[Point, Tuple[float, float, float], None]) – Point through which the rotation vector runs.

mirror(point, normal)¶

Mirror an object on a plane defined by a point and normal vector.

Parameters

point (Union[Point, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Point within the mirror plane.
normal (Union[Vector, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Normal vector of the mirror plane.

scale(scaling_vector)¶

Scale an object along a scaling vector.

Parameters: scaling_vector (Union[Vector, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Vector along which scaling is to be performed.

Group

class viktor.geometry.Group(objects)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.TransformableObject

Parameters: objects (List[TransformableObject]) – Objects that are part of the group.

add(objects)¶

property children¶

Return type: List[TransformableObject]

duplicate()¶

Point

class viktor.geometry.Point(x, y, z=0)¶

This class represents a point object, which is instantiated by means of 3-dimensional coordinates X, Y, and Z. It forms a basis of many structural 2D and 3D objects.

Example usage:

p1 = Point(0, 0)  # creates a point in the origin
p2 = Point(1, 2, 3)
p3 = p2.copy()

Parameters

x (float) – X-coordinate.
y (float) – Y-coordinate.
z (float) – (optional) Z-coordinate, defaults to 0.

Raises

TypeError – if the point is instantiated with a None value.

property coordinates¶: Coordinates of the Point as array (X, Y, Z).

property x¶

Returns the X-coordinate.

Return type: float

property y¶

Returns the Y-coordinate.

Return type: float

property z¶

Returns the Z-coordinate.

Return type: float

copy()¶

Returns a deep copy of the object.

Return type: Point

coincides_with(other)¶

Given another Point object, this method determines whether the two points coincide.

Return type: bool

vector_to(point)¶

Vector pointing from self to point.

Return type: Vector

get_local_coordinates(local_origin, spherical=False)¶

Method to determine the local coordinates of the current Point with respect to a ‘local origin’.

Return type: ndarray

Line

class viktor.geometry.Line(start_point, end_point)¶

Parameters

start_point (Point) –
end_point (Point) –

property start_point¶

Return type: Point

property end_point¶

Return type: Point

property length¶

Return type: float

direction(normalize=True)¶

Direction vector between start and end point.

Return type: Vector

collinear(point)¶

True if point is collinear (in line) with Line, else False.

Return type: bool

property length_vector¶

property unit_vector¶

property geometries¶

property horizontal¶

Return type: bool

property vertical¶

Return type: bool

discretize(num=2)¶

revolve(*, material=None, **kwargs)¶

Revolve line around y-axis, only possible for lines in x-y plane.

Parameters: material (Optional[Material]) – optional material
Raises: NotImplementedError – when line is not in x-y plane
Return type: LineRevolve

get_line_function_parameters()¶

Get parameters for y=ax+b definition of a line

Return type: Tuple[float, float]
Returns: (a,b) (or nan if line is vertical)

find_overlap(other, inclusive=False)¶

Find the overlapping part of this line with another line.

The returned value depends on the situation:

None, if no overlap is found or the two lines are not parallel
Point, if an overlap is found with length equal to 0
Line, if an overlap is found with length larger than 0

Parameters

other (Line) – Other Line object
inclusive – True to treat overlapping points as overlap

Return type

Union[Point, Line, None]

calculate_intersection_bounded_line_with_y

viktor.geometry.calculate_intersection_bounded_line_with_y(line, y_intersection)¶

Calculate x intersection between two points and y value. Return None if no intersection is found.

Returns x:                              Returns None:

        o
       /
y-----/---                              y---------
     /:                                      o
    / :                                     /
   o  x                                    o

Parameters

line (Line) – Line object.
y_intersection (float) – y-value of the intersection line.

Return type

Optional[float]

calculate_intersection_extended_line_with_y

viktor.geometry.calculate_intersection_extended_line_with_y(line, y_intersection)¶

Calculates the intersection x value of a line at a given y value.

Returns x:                              Returns x:

        o
       /
y-----/---                              y----------
     /:                                      o:
    / :                                     / :
   o  x                                    o  x

Parameters

line (Line) – Line object.
y_intersection (float) – y-value of the intersection line.

Return type

float

line_is_horizontal

viktor.geometry.line_is_horizontal(line)¶

Returns True if line is horizontal.

Return type: bool

line_is_vertical

viktor.geometry.line_is_vertical(line)¶

Returns True if line is vertical.

Return type: bool

x_between_bounds

viktor.geometry.x_between_bounds(x, x1, x2, inclusive=True)¶

Method checks whether the x value is between the bounds x1 and x2.

Parameters

x (float) – x-value to be evaluated.
x1 (float) – Lower bound.
x2 (float) – Upper bound.
inclusive (bool) – If set to True, this method will also return True when the x value is equal to either x1 or x2.

Return type

bool

y_between_bounds

viktor.geometry.y_between_bounds(y, y1, y2, inclusive=True)¶

Method checks whether the y value is between the bounds y1 and y2.

Parameters

y (float) – y-value to be evaluated.
y1 (float) – Lower bound.
y2 (float) – Upper bound.
inclusive (bool) – If set to True, this method will also return True when the y value is equal to either y1 or y2.

Return type

bool

point_is_on_bounded_line

viktor.geometry.point_is_on_bounded_line(point, line, inclusive=True)¶

Method checks whether a given Point object is within the ends of a Line.

Parameters

point (Point) – Point to be evaluated.
line (Line) – Line object.
inclusive (bool) – If set to True, this method will also return True when the point is located on one of the line ends.

Return type

bool

calculate_intersection_extended_line_with_x

viktor.geometry.calculate_intersection_extended_line_with_x(line, x)¶

Returns the point at which a given line intersects a vertical axis at position x.

Returns P(x, y):                        Returns P(x, y):

        o
       /
y-----P---                              y-----P----
     /:                                      o:
    / :                                     / :
   o  x                                    o  x

Parameters

line (Line) – Line to be evaluated.
x (float) – x-value of the intersection line.

Return type

Point

get_line_function_parameters

viktor.geometry.get_line_function_parameters(line)¶

Returns the line function parameters (a, b) of a line (y = ax + b).

Return type: Tuple[float, float]

calculate_intersection_extended_lines

viktor.geometry.calculate_intersection_extended_lines(extended_line1, extended_line2)¶

Calculate intersection between two lines defined by start/end points. The lines are assumed to extend infinitely: bounds are not taken account. Returns None if lines are parallel (i.e. no intersection exists).

Returns P(x, y):                        Returns P(x, y):                        Returns None:

        o
       /
o-----P---o                             o--o P                                  o-----o
     /                                      o
    /                                      /                                    o--o
   o                                      o

Parameters

extended_line1 (Line) – First Line object.
extended_line2 (Line) – Second Line object.

Return type

Optional[Point]

calculate_intersection_bounded_line_extended_line

viktor.geometry.calculate_intersection_bounded_line_extended_line(bounded_line, extended_line, inclusive=True)¶

Calculate intersection between line with fixed endpoints and line which is indefinitely extended.

Parameters

bounded_line (Line) – Bounded Line object.
extended_line (Line) – Extended Line object.
inclusive (bool) – If set to True, this method will also check for end points that are located on one of the line ends.

Return type

Optional[Point]

calculate_intersection_bounded_lines

viktor.geometry.calculate_intersection_bounded_lines(bounded_line1, bounded_line2, inclusive=True)¶

Calculate intersection between two lines with fixed endpoints.

Parameters

bounded_line1 (Line) – First bounded Line object.
bounded_line2 (Line) – Second bounded Line object.
inclusive (bool) – If set to True, intersections on the endpoint will also be taken into account.

Return type

Optional[Point]

Revolve

class viktor.geometry.Revolve(*args, material=None, **kwargs)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.TransformableObject, abc.ABC

Abstract base class of a revolved object.

abstract property surface_area¶

Return type: float

abstract property inner_volume¶

Return type: float

property thickness¶

Return type: float

property material¶

Material assigned to the revolve.

Return type: Material

property mass¶

Calculates the mass of the object as rho * area * thickness, with rho the density of the Material.

Return type: float

LineRevolve

class viktor.geometry.LineRevolve(line, *args, material=None, **kwargs)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Revolve

Returns an revolved object of a Line around the global y-axis.

An example revolve of a line between the point (1, 1, 0) and (3, 2, 0) is shown below, with the line object shown in black.

line = Line(Point(1, 1, 0), Point(3, 2, 0))
line_rev = LineRevolve(line)

Parameters

line (Line) – Line object which is to be revolved.
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

property line¶

Return type: Line

property uuid¶

property height¶

Return type: float

property surface_area¶

Returns the total exterior area of the revolved object.

Return type: float

property inner_volume¶

Returns the inner volume of the revolved object.

This method will only return a value if the defined Line meets the following conditions:

it should NOT be horizontal, i.e. y_start != y_end

it should be defined in positive y-direction, i.e. y_start < y_end

Return type: float

property geometries¶

Returns the Line object in format (line, ).

Return type: Tuple[Line, …]

Arc

class viktor.geometry.Arc(centre_point, start_point, end_point, short_arc=True)¶

Creates a constant radius arc with three Points in the xy plane. Clockwise rotation creates an outward surface.

Parameters

centre_point (Point) – Point in xy plane.
start_point (Point) – Point in xy plane. Should have same distance to centre_point as end_point.
end_point (Point) – Point in xy plane. Should have same distance to centre_point as start_point.
short_arc (bool) – Angle of arc smaller than pi if True, larger than pi if False.

property radius¶

Return type: float

property centre_point¶

Return type: Point

property start_point¶

Return type: Point

property end_point¶

Return type: Point

property theta1¶

Angle of the end point with respect to the x-axis in radians.

Return type: float

property theta2¶

Angle of the start point with respect to the x-axis in radians.

Return type: float

property short_arc¶

Return type: bool

property geometries¶

Return type: Tuple[Point, Point, Point]

property angle¶

Absolute angle of the arc in radians, which is the difference between theta1 and theta2.

Return type: float

property length¶

Arc length.

Return type: float

property theta1_theta2¶

Calculates the angles of the end (theta1) and start (theta2) points with respect to the x-axis in radians.

Return type: Tuple[float, float]

discretize(num=2)¶

Returns a discretized representation of the arc, as a list of Point objects. The amount of points can be specified using ‘num’, which should be larger than 1.

Return type: List[Point]

revolve(*, material=None, **kwargs)¶

Returns an ArcRevolve object, revolved around the global y-axis.

Parameters: material (Optional[Material]) – optional material
Return type: ArcRevolve

ArcRevolve

class viktor.geometry.ArcRevolve(arc, *args, material=None, **kwargs)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Revolve

Returns an revolved object of an arc around the global y-axis.

In the example below, rotation_angle is equal to pi / 3:

kwargs can consist of:

rotation_angle: Angle of the revolve according to the right-hand-rule, with the start of the rotation in positive z-direction. Angle in radians. If not specified, 2 pi will be used.

Parameters

arc (Arc) – Arc object.
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

property arc¶: Arc

property uuid¶

Return type: str

property surface_area¶

Total exterior area of the object.

Return type: float

property inner_volume¶

Returns the inner volume of the revolved object.

This method will only return a value if the defined Arc meets the following conditions:

it should be short, i.e. short_arc=True

the start- and end-point are located on the same side w.r.t. the y-axis of the center-point of the Arc

it is defined in clockwise direction

Return type: float

property height¶

Height of the object.

Return type: float

property geometries¶

Returns the Arc object in format (arc,).

Return type: Tuple[Arc]

Triangle

class viktor.geometry.Triangle(point1, point2, point3)¶

area()¶

property centroid¶

property moment_of_inertia¶

moment of inertia (only in x-y plane)

Type: return

CartesianAxes

class viktor.geometry.CartesianAxes(origin=Point(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), axis_length=1, axis_diameter=0.05)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Group

Helper ThreeJS visualisation object to show positive x (red), y (green) and z (blue) axes.

Parameters

origin (Point) – Coordinates of the origin.
axis_length (float) – Length of the axes.
axis_diameter (float) – Diameter of the axes.

RDWGSConverter

class viktor.geometry.RDWGSConverter¶

Class that provides functions to translate latitude and longitude coordinates between the WGS system and RD system.

The RD coordinate system is a cartesian coordinate system that is frequently used for in civil engineering to describe locations in the Netherlands. The origin is located in france, so that for all of the Netherlands, both x (m) and y (m) values are positive and y is always larger then x. The domain in which the RD coordinate system is valid is:

x: [-7000, 300000]
y: [289000, 629000]

About the RD coordinate system: https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijksdriehoeksco%C3%B6rdinaten

X0 = 155000¶

Y0 = 463000¶

phi0 = 52.1551744¶

lam0 = 5.38720621¶

static from_rd_to_wgs(coords)¶

Convert RD coordinates (x, y) to WGS coordinates [latitude, longitude].

lat, lon = RDWGSConverter.from_rd_to_wgs((100000, 400000))

Parameters: coords (Tuple[float, float]) – RD coordinates (x, y)
Return type: List[float]

static from_wgs_to_rd(coords)¶

Convert WGS coordinates (latitude, longitude) to RD coordinates [x, y].

x, y = RDWGSConverter.from_rd_to_wgs((51.58622, 4.59360))

Parameters: coords (Tuple[float, float]) – WGS coordinates (latitude, longitude)
Return type: List[float]

spherical_to_cartesian

viktor.geometry.spherical_to_cartesian(spherical_coordinates)¶

Using ISO/physical convention: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/3D_Spherical.svg

Parameters: spherical_coordinates (Tuple[float, float, float]) – Spherical coordinates (r, theta, phi).
Return type: ndarray
Returns: Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z).

cartesian_to_spherical

viktor.geometry.cartesian_to_spherical(cartesian_coordinates)¶

Using ISO/physical convention: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/3D_Spherical.svg

Parameters: cartesian_coordinates (Tuple[float, float, float]) – Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z).
Return type: ndarray
Returns: Spherical coordinates (r, theta, phi).

cylindrical_to_cartesian

viktor.geometry.cylindrical_to_cartesian(cylindrical_coordinates)¶

Using ISO convention: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coord_system_CY_1.svg

Reference plane is former Cartesian xy-plane and cylindrical axis is the Cartesian z-axis.

Parameters: cylindrical_coordinates (Tuple[float, float, float]) – Cylindrical coordinates (rho, phi, z).
Return type: ndarray
Returns: Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z).

cartesian_to_cylindrical

viktor.geometry.cartesian_to_cylindrical(cartesian_coordinates)¶

Using ISO convention: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coord_system_CY_1.svg

Reference plane is former Cartesian xy-plane and cylindrical axis is the Cartesian z-axis.

Parameters: cartesian_coordinates (Tuple[float, float, float]) – Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z).
Return type: ndarray
Returns: Cylindrical coordinates (rho, phi, z) with phi between -pi and +pi.

Extrusion

class viktor.geometry.Extrusion(profile, line, profile_rotation=0, *, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Group

Extruded object from a given set of points, which is called the profile. This profile should meet the following requirements:

start point should be added at the end for closed profile

points should be defined in z=0 plane

circumference should be defined clockwise

Note that the profile is defined with respect to the start point of the Line object, i.e. the profile is defined in the local coordinate system. An example is given below of two extrusions with the same dimensions. Their corresponding Line objects are also visualized. The extrusion have the following profile:

# black box
profile_b = [
    Point(1, 1),
    Point(1, 2),
    Point(2, 2),
    Point(2, 1),
    Point(1, 1),
]
box_b = Extrusion(profile_b, Line(Point(4, 1, 0), Point(4, 1, 1)))

# yellow box
profile_y = [
    Point(-0.5, -0.5),
    Point(-0.5, 0.5),
    Point(0.5, 0.5),
    Point(0.5, -0.5),
    Point(-0.5, -0.5),
]
box_y = Extrusion(profile_y, Line(Point(2, 2, 0), Point(2, 2, 1)))

Parameters

profile (List[Point]) – Coordinates of cross-section.
line (Line) – A line object is used to define the length (thickness) of the extrusion.
profile_rotation (float) – Rotation of the profile around the Z-axis in degrees.
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

property profile¶

Return type: List[Point]

property material¶

Return type: Material

property line¶

Return type: Line

property uuid¶

Return type: str

property length¶

Return type: float

property geometries¶

Return type: Line

property transformation¶

ArcExtrusion

class viktor.geometry.ArcExtrusion(profile, arc, profile_rotation=0, n_segments=50, *, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Group

Given an Arc and a cross-section of the extrusion, a discretized Extrusion object is returned.

The coordinates of the profile are defined with respect to the Arc and have a LOCAL coordinate system:

z-axis is in direction of the arc from start to end.

x-axis is in positive global z-axis.

y-axis follows from the right-hand-rule.

Rotation of the profile is about the axis according to the right-hand-rule with LOCAL z-axis (see definition above).

Example:

profile = [
    Point(1, 1),
    Point(1, 2),
    Point(3, 2),
    Point(3, 1),
    Point(1, 1),
]
arc = Arc(Point(1, 1, 0), Point(3, 1, 0), Point(1, 3, 0))
arc_ext = ArcExtrusion(profile, arc, profile_rotation=10, n_segments=10)

This will result in the following visualization, where the Arc itself is also shown in the xy plane:

Parameters

profile (List[Point]) – Coordinates of cross-section.
arc (Arc) – An Arc object is used to define the direction of the extrusion.
profile_rotation (float) – Rotation of the profile around its local Z-axis in degrees.
n_segments (int) – Number of discretized segments of the arc, which is 50 by default.
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

CircularExtrusion

class viktor.geometry.CircularExtrusion(diameter, line, *, open_ends=False, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.TransformableObject

This class is used to construct an extrusion which has a circular base, e.g. a circular foundation pile.

Parameters

diameter (float) – Diameter of the cross-section.
line (Line) – Line object along which the circular cross-section is extruded.
open_ends (bool) – True if the extrusion ends should be open.
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

property material¶

Material assigned to the extrusion.

Return type: Material

property line¶

Return type: Line

property length¶

Return type: float

property diameter¶

Return type: float

property radius¶

Return type: float

property cross_sectional_area¶

Return type: float

RectangularExtrusion

class viktor.geometry.RectangularExtrusion(width, height, line, profile_rotation=0, *, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Extrusion

Extruded object from a given set of points, which is called the profile. This profile should meet the following requirements:

start point should be added at the end for closed profile

points should be defined in z=0 plane

circumference should be defined clockwise

# black box
profile_b = [
    Point(1, 1),
    Point(1, 2),
    Point(2, 2),
    Point(2, 1),
    Point(1, 1),
]
box_b = Extrusion(profile_b, Line(Point(4, 1, 0), Point(4, 1, 1)))

# yellow box
profile_y = [
    Point(-0.5, -0.5),
    Point(-0.5, 0.5),
    Point(0.5, 0.5),
    Point(0.5, -0.5),
    Point(-0.5, -0.5),
]
box_y = Extrusion(profile_y, Line(Point(2, 2, 0), Point(2, 2, 1)))

Parameters

profile – Coordinates of cross-section.
line (Line) – A line object is used to define the length (thickness) of the extrusion.
profile_rotation (float) – Rotation of the profile around the Z-axis in degrees.
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

property width¶

Width of the extrusion.

Return type: float

property height¶

Height of the extrusion.

Return type: float

property cross_sectional_area¶

Returns the area of the cross-section (width x height).

Return type: float

property inner_volume¶

Returns the inner volume of the extruded object.

Return type: float

SquareBeam

class viktor.geometry.SquareBeam(length_x, length_y, length_z, *, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.RectangularExtrusion

High level object to create a rectangular beam object around the origin. The centroid of the beam is located at the origin (0, 0, 0).

Parameters

length_x (float) – Width of the extrusion in x-direction.
length_y (float) – Length of the extrusion in y-direction.
length_z (float) – Height of the extrusion in z-direction.
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

points_are_coplanar

viktor.geometry.points_are_coplanar(points)¶

Given a set of a minimum of 3 Point objects, determines whether these points can be placed on a two-dimensional plane and hence are coplanar.

Parameters: points (List[Point]) – Points that are to be evaluated.
Return type: bool

lines_in_same_plane

viktor.geometry.lines_in_same_plane(line1, line2)¶

Method to determine whether two Line objects are located in a shared plane and hence are coplanar.

Parameters

line1 (Line) – First line object.
line2 (Line) – Second line object.

Return type

bool

calculate_distance_vector

viktor.geometry.calculate_distance_vector(start_point, end_point)¶

Calculates the distance between start and end point in the direction start -> end.

Parameters

start_point (Point) – Start position of the distance vector.
end_point (Point) – End position of the distance vector.

Return type

ndarray

convert_points_for_lathe

viktor.geometry.convert_points_for_lathe(points)¶

Method can be used to convert Point objects to lists of dictionaries in the format: {‘x’: point.x, ‘y’: point.y}

Parameters: points (Sequence[Point]) – Point objects.
Return type: List[dict]

translation_matrix

viktor.geometry.translation_matrix(direction)¶

Returns the translation matrix that corresponds to a give direction vector (3D).

Parameters: direction (Union[Vector, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Direction vector of the translation.
Return type: ndarray

scaling_matrix

viktor.geometry.scaling_matrix(scaling_vector)¶

Returns the scaling matrix that corresponds to a given scaling vector (3D).

Parameters: scaling_vector (Union[Vector, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Three-dimensional scaling vector.
Return type: ndarray

rotation_matrix

viktor.geometry.rotation_matrix(angle, direction, point=None)¶

Returns the rotation matrix that corresponds to a rotation about an axis defined by a point and direction. Angle in radians, direction in accordance to right hand rule.

Example:

>>> R = rotation_matrix(pi/2, [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0])
>>> np.allclose(np.dot(R, [0, 0, 0, 1]), [1, -1, 0, 1])
True

Return type: ndarray

reflection_matrix

viktor.geometry.reflection_matrix(point, normal)¶

Returns the reflection matrix to mirror at a plane defined by a point and a normal vector.

Parameters

point (Union[Point, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Point object.
normal (Union[Vector, Tuple[float, float, float]]) – Normal vector of the mirror plane.

Return type

ndarray

unit_vector

viktor.geometry.unit_vector(data, axis=None, out=None)¶

Returns the unit vector of a given vector.

Return type: ndarray

mirror_object

viktor.geometry.mirror_object(obj, point, normal)¶

Function that mirrors an object through a plane. The plane is defined by a point and a normal vector. The return is a copy of the original object, mirrored over the specified plane.

Parameters

obj – Object that is to be mirrored
point (Point) – Point object on the desired mirror plane
normal – Vector that denotes a normal vector of the desired mirror plane.

volume_cone

viktor.geometry.volume_cone(r, h)¶

Calculates the volume of a cone.

Parameters

r (float) – Radius of the base.
h (float) – Height of the cone.

Return type

float

surface_cone_without_base

viktor.geometry.surface_cone_without_base(r, h)¶

Calculates the exterior surface of the cone, excluding the area of the circular base.

Parameters

r (float) – Radius of the base.
h (float) – Height of the cone.

Return type

float

surface_area_dome

viktor.geometry.surface_area_dome(theta1, theta2, r, R)¶

Computes the surface area of a dome (arc-revolve).

Parameters

theta1 – Starting angle of arc in radians.
theta2 – Ending angle of arc in radians.
r – Radius of arc.
R – Distance from centre of arc to rotation line.

Return type

float

Returns

surface area of arc-revolve.

hex_to_rgb

viktor.geometry.hex_to_rgb(value)¶

Return (red, green, blue) for the color given as #rrggbb.

Return type: Tuple[int, …]

rgb_to_hex

viktor.geometry.rgb_to_hex(red, green, blue, include_hashtag=True)¶

Return color as #rrggbb for the given color values.

Return type: str

circumference_is_clockwise

viktor.geometry.circumference_is_clockwise(circumference)¶

Method determines the direction of a set of points, and returns:

True if the circumference is clockwise
False if the circumference is counter-clockwise

Parameters: circumference (List[Point]) – Circumference in x,y-plane.
Return type: bool

add_point

viktor.geometry.add_point(unique_points, point)¶

Adds a Point object to a unique list of Point objects. The point is only added when not already present in the list.

Parameters

unique_points (List[Point]) – List of point objects.
point (Point) – Point object which has to be added.

Return type

Tuple[List[Point], int]

get_vertices_faces

viktor.geometry.get_vertices_faces(triangles)¶

Returns the vertices and faces of a list of Triangle objects.

Parameters: triangles (List[Triangle]) – List of triangle objects.
Return type: Tuple[list, list]

find_overlap

viktor.geometry.find_overlap(region_a, region_b, inclusive=False)¶

Given to regions with upper and lower boundary, check if there is overlap and if so return a tuple with the overlap found

The direction of the given regions does not matter: (1, 2) will be handled exactly the same as (2, 1) The returned Tuple will always be in ascending order

Example usage:

find_overlap((2, 4), (3, 5)) -> (3, 4)
find_overlap((4, 2), (5, 3)) -> (3, 4)
find_overlap((2, 3), (3, 4)) -> None
find_overlap((2, 3), (3, 4), inclusive=True) -> (3, 3)

Parameters

region_a (Tuple[float, float]) – Tuple of values of the first region.
region_b (Tuple[float, float]) – Tuple of values of the second region.
inclusive (bool) – A flag to decide whether a point overlap is counted as overlap or not.

Return type

Optional[Tuple[float, float]]

Returns

A tuple with upper and lower bounds of the overlapping region, or None.

Pattern

class viktor.geometry.Pattern(base_object, duplicate_translation_list)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Group

Instantiates a pattern based on a base object and several duplicates, each translated by an input vector.

Parameters

base_object (TransformableObject) – the object to be duplicated
duplicate_translation_list (List[List[float]]) – a list of translation vectors, each of which generates a duplicate

LinearPattern

class viktor.geometry.LinearPattern(base_object, direction, number_of_elements, spacing)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Pattern

Instantiates a linear, evenly spaced, pattern along a single direction.

Parameters

base_object (TransformableObject) – the object to be duplicated
direction (List[float]) – a unit vector specifying in which direction the pattern propagates
number_of_elements (int) – total amount of elements in the pattern, including the base object
spacing (float) – the applied spacing

BidirectionalPattern

class viktor.geometry.BidirectionalPattern(base_object, direction_1, direction_2, number_of_elements_1, number_of_elements_2, spacing_1, spacing_2)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Pattern

Instantiates a two-dimensional pattern, evenly spaced in two separate directions

Parameters

base_object (TransformableObject) – the object to be duplicated
direction_1 (List[float]) – a unit vector specifying the first direction
direction_2 (List[float]) – a unit vector specifying the second direction
number_of_elements_1 (int) – total amount of elements along direction 1
number_of_elements_2 (int) – total amount of elements along direction 2
spacing_1 (float) – the applied spacing in direction 1
spacing_2 (float) – the applied spacing in direction 2

Polygon

class viktor.geometry.Polygon(points, *, surface_orientation=False, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.TransformableObject

2D closed polygon without holes in x-y plane.

Parameters

points (List[Point]) – profile is automatically closed, do not add start point at the end. only the x and y coordinates are considered (z is set to 0). left hand rule around circumference determines surface direction
surface_orientation (bool) –
- if True, the left hand rule around circumference determines surface direction
- if False, surface always in +z direction
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

Raises

ValueError –

if less than 3 points are provided.
if points contains duplicates.
if points form a polygon with self-intersecting lines.
if points are all collinear.

has_clockwise_circumference()¶

Method determines the direction of the input points, and returns:

True if the circumference is clockwise
False if the circumference is counter-clockwise

Return type: bool

property cross_sectional_area¶

Return type: float

property centroid¶

Returns the coordinate of the centroid (geometric center) of the polygon.

Return type: Tuple[float, float]

property moment_of_inertia¶

Returns the moment of inertia in xy-plane.

Return type: Tuple[float, float]

property material¶

Return type: Material

Polyline

class viktor.geometry.Polyline(points)¶

This is a class representing a line made up of multiple straight line segments. It can be created by providing a list of Points. The list of points can be empty or contain duplicate points The line has a directions, following the order of the provided list of points The Polyline class is immutable. All functions that perform changes on a polyline will return a mutated copy of the original polyline

classmethod from_lines(lines)¶

create a polyline object from a list of lines the end of one line must always coincide with the start of the next

Parameters: lines –
Return type: Polyline
Returns

is_equal_to(other)¶

check if all points in this polyline coincide with all points of another polyline

Parameters: other (Polyline) –
Return type: bool
Returns

property start_point¶

First point in polyline.points

Return type: Point
Returns

property end_point¶

Last point in polyline.points

Return type: Point
Returns

property lines¶

A list of lines connecting all polyline points. Lines between coincident points are skipped.

Return type: List[Line]

property x_min¶

The lowest x-coordinate present within this polyline

Return type: Optional[float]
Returns

property x_max¶

The highest x-coordinate present within this polyline

Return type: Optional[float]
Returns

property y_min¶

The lowest y-coordinate present within this polyline

Return type: Optional[float]
Returns

property y_max¶

The highest y-coordinate present within this polyline

Return type: Optional[float]
Returns

property z_min¶

The lowest z-coordinate present within this polyline

Return type: Optional[float]
Returns

property z_max¶

The highest z-coordinate present within this polyline

Return type: Optional[float]
Returns

get_reversed_polyline()¶

returns a polyline that is the reverse of this one

Return type: Polyline
Returns

serialize()¶

return a json serializable dict of form:

>>> [{'x': point_1.x, 'y': point_1.y},
>>>  {'x': point_2.x, 'y': point_2.y}]

Returns

classmethod from_dict(polyline_dict)¶

Turn a dict generated in the serialize method back into a polyline object

Return type: Polyline

filter_duplicate_points()¶

Returns a new Polyline object. If a two consecutive points in this polyline coincide, the second point will be omitted

Return type: Polyline
Returns

is_monotonic_ascending_x(strict=True)¶

Check if the x coordinates of the points of this polyline are ascending.

Parameters: strict (bool) – when set to false, equal x coordinates are accepted between points
Return type: bool
Returns

is_monotonic_ascending_y(strict=True)¶

Check if the y coordinates of the points of this polyline are ascending

Parameters: strict (bool) – when set to false, equal y coordinates are accepted between points
Return type: bool
Returns

intersections_with_polyline(other_polyline)¶

Find all intersections with another polyline and return them ordered according to the direction of this polyline

If the polylines are partly parallel, the start and end points of the parallel section will be returned as intersections. If one of the polylines is a subset of the other, or the two lines are completely parallel, no intersection will be found

Parameters

other_polyline (Polyline) –
inclusive – flag to decide of an intersection of the end of a line segment is counted as well

Return type

List[Point]

Returns

intersections_with_x_location(x)¶

Find all intersections of this polyline with a given x location. Ordered from start to end of this polyline.

If this line is partly vertical, the start and end points of the vertical section will be returned as a intersection If this line is completely vertical, no intersection will be found.

Parameters: x (float) –
Return type: List[Point]
Returns

point_is_on_polyline(point)¶

Check if a given point lies on this polyline

Parameters: point –
Return type: bool
Returns

get_polyline_between(start_point, end_point, inclusive=False)¶

Given two points that both lie on a polyline, return the polyline that lies between those two points start_point has to lie before end_point on this polyline.

If the given start point lies after the given end point on this polyline, an empty polyline will be returned If the two given points are identical, it depends on the inclusive flag whether a polyline containing that point once, or an empty polyline will be returned

Parameters

start_point (Point) –
end_point (Point) –
inclusive (bool) – if true, the start and the end points will be added to the returned list

Return type

Polyline

Returns

Raises

ValueError – when one of the two given points does not lie on this polyline

find_overlaps(other)¶

Find all overlapping regions of this polyline with another polyline. The returned overlapping regions will all point in the direction of this line. The overlap polylines will contain all points of both polylines, even if they only occur in one of the lines.

if no overlaps are found, an empty list will be returned.

Parameters: other (Polyline) –
Return type: List[Polyline]
Returns

combine_with(other)¶

Given two polylines that have at least one point in common and together form one line without any side branches, combine those two polylines The combined line will contain all points of both polylines.

Parameters: other (Polyline) –
Return type: Polyline
Returns

split(point)¶

return the two separate parts of this polyline before and after the given point

will raise a value error when the provided point does not lie on this polyline

Parameters: point –
Return type: Tuple[Polyline, Polyline]
Returns

classmethod get_lowest_or_highest_profile_x(profile_1, profile_2, lowest)¶

given two polylines with n intersections, return a third polyline that will always follow the lowest (or highest) of the two lines the x locations of the points of the two polylines should be not descending (lines from left to right or vertical) the returned polyline will only cover the overlapping range in x coordinates

If one of the profiles is an empty polyline, an empty polyline will be returned.

examples:

                                   /----------------|
                                  /         /-------|--------------------
profile_1: ----------------\     /         /        |
                            \   /         /         |_____________________________
profile_2:      -------------\-/         /
                              \_________/

get_lowest_or_highest_profile_x(cls, profile_1, profile_2, lowest=True) will return:


                                           /-------|
                                          /        |
                                         /         |____________________
   result:     -------------\           /
                             \_________/

Note that only the overlapping region of the two profiles is returned!

Parameters

profile_1 (Polyline) –
profile_2 (Polyline) –
lowest (bool) – switch to decide wether to return highest or lowest profile

Return type

Polyline

Returns

Currently, this implementation is exclusive. Meaning that vertical line parts that lie on the start or end of the overlap region in x are not taken into account

Cone

class viktor.geometry.Cone(diameter, height, *, origin=None, orientation=None, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.TransformableObject

Creates a cone object.

Parameters

diameter (float) – Diameter of the circular base surface.
height (float) – Height from base to tip.
origin (Optional[Point]) – Optional location of the centroid of the base surface (default: Point(0, 0, 0)).
orientation (Optional[Vector]) – Optional orientation from origin to the tip (default: Vector(0, 0, 1)).
material (Optional[Material]) – Optional material.

classmethod from_line(diameter, line, *, material=None)¶

Create a Cone object by a given base diameter and line.

Parameters

diameter (float) – Diameter of the circular base surface.
line (Line) – Line from base to top of the cone. The start point of the line represents the location of the center of the base, and the end point represents the tip of the cone.
material (Optional[Material]) – Optional material.

Return type

Cone

property material¶

Return type: Material

Sphere

class viktor.geometry.Sphere(centre_point, radius, width_segments=30, height_segments=30, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.TransformableObject

This class can be used to construct a spherical object around the specified coordinate.

The smoothness of the edges can be altered by setting width_segments and height_segments. In the example below both the default smoothness of 30 (left) and a rough sphere with 5 segments (right) is shown:

Parameters

centre_point (Point) – Center point of the sphere.
radius (float) – Radius of the sphere.
width_segments (float) – Sets the smoothness in xz-plane.
height_segments (float) – Sets the smoothness in yz-plane.
material (Optional[Material]) – Optionally a custom material can be set.

diameter()¶

Return type: float

circumference()¶

Return type: float

surface_area()¶

Return type: float

volume()¶

Return type: float

Torus

class viktor.geometry.Torus(radius_cross_section, radius_rotation_axis, rotation_angle=6.283185307179586, *, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.Group

Create a torus object

Parameters

radius_cross_section (float) –
radius_rotation_axis (float) – measured from central axis to centre of cross-section.
rotation_angle (float) – optional argument to control how large of a torus section you want. 2pi for complete torus
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

property inner_volume¶

property material¶

Return type: Material

TriangleAssembly

class viktor.geometry.TriangleAssembly(triangles, *, material=None)¶

Bases: viktor.geometry.TransformableObject

Fundamental visualisation geometry, built up from triangles. Right hand rule on triangle circumference determines the surface direction.

Parameters

triangles (List[Triangle]) – Triangles of the assembly.
material (Optional[Material]) – optional material

GeoPoint

class viktor.geometry.GeoPoint(lat, lon)¶

Geographical point on the Earth’s surface described by a latitude / longitude coordinate pair.

This object can be created directly, or will be returned in the parameter set when using a GeoPointField.

Parameters

lat (float) – Latitude.
lon (float) – Longitude.

classmethod from_rd(coords)¶

Instantiates a GeoPoint from the provided RD coordinates.

Parameters: coords (Tuple[float, float]) – RD coordinates (x, y).
Return type: GeoPoint

property rd¶

RD representation (x, y) of the GeoPoint.

Return type: Tuple[float, float]

GeoPolyline

class viktor.geometry.GeoPolyline(*points)¶

Geographical polyline on the Earth’s surface described by a a list of GeoPoints.

This object can be created directly, or will be returned in the parameter set when using a GeoPolylineField.

Parameters: points (GeoPoint) – Geo points (minimum 2).

property points¶

Return type: List[GeoPoint]

GeoPolygon

class viktor.geometry.GeoPolygon(*points)¶

Geographical polygon on the Earth’s surface described by a a list of GeoPoints.

This object can be created directly, or will be returned in the parameter set when using a GeoPolygonField.

Parameters: points (GeoPoint) – Geo points (minimum 3). The profile is automatically closed, so it is not necessary to add the start point at the end.

property points¶

Return type: List[GeoPoint]

viktor.geometry

VisualisationError​

Vector​

Material​

TransformableObject​

Group​

Point​

Line​

calculate_intersection_bounded_line_with_y​

calculate_intersection_extended_line_with_y​

line_is_horizontal​

line_is_vertical​

x_between_bounds​

y_between_bounds​

point_is_on_bounded_line​

calculate_intersection_extended_line_with_x​

get_line_function_parameters​

calculate_intersection_extended_lines​

calculate_intersection_bounded_line_extended_line​

calculate_intersection_bounded_lines​

Revolve​

LineRevolve​

Arc​

ArcRevolve​

Triangle​

CartesianAxes​

RDWGSConverter​

spherical_to_cartesian​

cartesian_to_spherical​

cylindrical_to_cartesian​

cartesian_to_cylindrical​

Extrusion​

ArcExtrusion​

CircularExtrusion​

RectangularExtrusion​

SquareBeam​

points_are_coplanar​

lines_in_same_plane​

calculate_distance_vector​

convert_points_for_lathe​

translation_matrix​

scaling_matrix​

rotation_matrix​

reflection_matrix​

unit_vector​

mirror_object​

volume_cone​

surface_cone_without_base​

surface_area_dome​

hex_to_rgb​

rgb_to_hex​

circumference_is_clockwise​

add_point​

get_vertices_faces​

find_overlap​

Pattern​

LinearPattern​

BidirectionalPattern​

Polygon​

Polyline​

Cone​

Sphere​

Torus​

TriangleAssembly​

GeoPoint​

GeoPolyline​

GeoPolygon​

VisualisationError

Vector

Material

TransformableObject

Group

Point

Line

calculate_intersection_bounded_line_with_y

calculate_intersection_extended_line_with_y

line_is_horizontal

line_is_vertical

x_between_bounds

y_between_bounds

point_is_on_bounded_line

calculate_intersection_extended_line_with_x

get_line_function_parameters

calculate_intersection_extended_lines

calculate_intersection_bounded_line_extended_line

calculate_intersection_bounded_lines

Revolve

LineRevolve

Arc

ArcRevolve

Triangle

CartesianAxes

RDWGSConverter

spherical_to_cartesian

cartesian_to_spherical

cylindrical_to_cartesian

cartesian_to_cylindrical

Extrusion

ArcExtrusion

CircularExtrusion

RectangularExtrusion

SquareBeam

points_are_coplanar

lines_in_same_plane

calculate_distance_vector

convert_points_for_lathe

translation_matrix

scaling_matrix

rotation_matrix

reflection_matrix

unit_vector

mirror_object

volume_cone

surface_cone_without_base

surface_area_dome

hex_to_rgb

rgb_to_hex

circumference_is_clockwise

add_point

get_vertices_faces

find_overlap

Pattern

LinearPattern

BidirectionalPattern

Polygon

Polyline

Cone

Sphere

Torus

TriangleAssembly

GeoPoint

GeoPolyline

GeoPolygon